ORGANIZATIONAL CITIZENSHIP BEHAVIOR AMONG UNIVERSITY TEACHERS: A DEMOGRAPHIC ANALYSIS OF PUBLIC SECTOR UNIVERSITIES IN SINDH

Abstract

The aim of this research was to determine the variability in Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) in teachers of different demographic groups at public sector universities in province of Sindh, Pakistan. The research employed a quantitative correlational research design using questionnaire to find out how gender and qualification, designation and university affiliate have effects in the participation of faculty members in OCB. The target sample was around 600 of the faculty in seven Universities of the in province of Sindh, Pakistan, and the measurements were done by a structured questionnaire with an OCB scale (Voice, Employee Sustainability, Civic Virtue, Helping, and Social Participation). Two hundred and twenty-five valid answers were considered and analyzed in SPSS. Results of the descriptive statistics indicated that there was high level of OCB, especially in domains of Helping and Voice. Good internal consistency was found to be acceptable across all dimensions (0.67-0.83) by reliability analysis. The results of inferential statistics pointed at the severe difference in OCB according to gender, as female teachers turned out to be more active in Helping and Social Participation behaviors (p < 0.01). Nevertheless, no significant variations were created with regards to university attachment, educational degree, or professional credentials but descriptive tendencies showed that those with doctorate degrees and faculty seniority slightly demonstrated a greater measure of Civic Virtue and Voice. This indicates that OCB is overall high among the faculty members of the universities in Sindh, but gender is an influential factor, and the organizational culture might have contributed to the development of the same behavioral pattern in different demographical population. The paper highlights the need to promote OCB using inclusive policies, a leader and institutional development programs as a way of improving the organizational performance level in the higher educational sector.

Keywords: Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB), University Teachers, Demographic Analysis, Faculty Engagement, Institutional Support