GREENING THE BELT AND ROAD: ENVIRONMENTAL AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN THE CHINA-PAKISTAN CORRIDOR

Abstract

The CPEC, a flagship element of China's Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) has been creating great economic prospects for both countries. However, it faces significant challenges in the ecological realm. This study critically examines the connection of environmental and sustainable development within the context of CPEC. It explores, through a qualitative method mostly based on policy analysis and secondary sources, that how China and Pakistan have addressed the environmental concerns accompanying rapid infrastructural development. The green policy initiatives, co-environmental frameworks, and the evolving narrative on sustainable development continue along the corridor. Findings of the paper suggest that while the drive toward greening CPEC exists, evidenced by initiatives like renewable energy projects and afforestation, gaps remain in enforcement, environmental impact assessments (EIA) and inclusive governance. Therefore, it is necessary to make long term strategic polices to avoid environmental degradation. The potential of CPEC to serve as a model for environmentally acceptable development through transnational infrastructure programs is also emphasized. It is recommended that strengthening institutional capacities, enforcing environmental safeguards, and fostering the engagement of local communities will ensure that CPEC development is both economically and environmentally sound.

Keywords: China, Pakistan, Environment, Sustainable Development